A search in the library catalog will lead you to "catalog records" for books. These records will tell you information about the book, including all of the information you need to cite the book. It will also tell you the location of the book, the call number (which gives you the location on the shelf), and if the book is available or checked out.
Be sure to look at the subjects assigned to the book. These can lead you to other great resources.
Remember, you may want to use truncation to search for variant endings of words.
The Alkek Library uses the Library of Congress classification system. This groups books about subjects in the same location. Below is an example regarding climatology books. However, the social, economic, and political effects of climatological phenomena may be in different call number ranges.
You can use Google Books to search within the text of books for words.
Types of Searches
Keyword
Subject
Author
Title